Structural optimization of seawater desalination: II novel MED–MSF–TVC configurations

Electrochemically mediated seawater desalination.

With global demand rising faster than availability, fresh water is quickly becoming a limited resource. In fact, the United Nations estimates one third of the world s population is living in water-stressed regions, and by 2025 this number is expected to double. Seawater desalination is an attractive solution to this problem because seawater accounts for more than 97% of the world s water supply...

Environmental impact of seawater desalination plants.

Enormous amounts of seawater are desalted everyday worldwide. The total world production of fresh water from the sea is about 2621 mgd (9.92 million m(3) day(-1) 1985 figures). Desalting processes are normally associated with the rejection of high concentration waste brine from the plant itself or from the pretreatment units as well as during the cleaning period. In thermal processes, mainly mu...

Boron removal in seawater RO desalination

In the seawater desalination field, WHO requires the boron concentration in drinking water to be below 0.5 mg/l, and this requirement has affected SWRO process design, because of the difficulty to achieve such low boron concentration. In order to overcome this problem, a new SWRO membrane element, which had higher boron rejecting performance, was developed. This new SWRO membrane element exhibi...

Seawater desalination using renewable energy sources

The origin and continuation of mankind is based on water. Water is one of the most abundant resources on earth, covering three-fourths of the planet’s surface. However, about 97% of the earth’s water is salt water in the oceans, and a tiny 3% is fresh water. This small percentage of the earth’s water—which supplies most of human and animal needs—exists in ground water, lakes and rivers. The onl...

Simulation and optimization of novel configurations of triple absorption heat transformers integrated to a water desalination system